A location shot of a man playing the piano, shot in a bar environment with natural and studio lighting.
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ ÙÙ Ø³ÙØ±Ø© ØªØ·ÙØ±Ù</h2>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">ÙÙ Ø£ÙØ§Ø¦Ù اÙÙØ±Ù Ø§ÙØ«Ø§Ù ٠عشر (ØÙاÙ٠عا٠1700) Ø·ÙØ± Ø§ÙØ¥ÙطاÙ٠بارتÙÙÙÙ ÙÙ ÙØ±ÙستÙÙÙØ±Ù (Bartolomeo Cristofori) ٠ا ÙØ¹Ø±Ù Ø§ÙØ¢Ù Ø¨Ø§Ø³Ù Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ. ÙÙÙÙ ÙØ§ ÙÙ Ù٠اÙÙÙÙ Ø¥Ù ÙØ°Ù Ø§ÙØ¢ÙØ© Ù٠تÙÙ Ù ÙØ¬Ùدة ÙØ¨Ù ذÙÙØ ب٠إ٠ÙÙØ§ Ø£Ø³ÙØ§ÙØ§Ù Ù Ù Ø¢ÙØ§Øª Ù ÙØ³ÙÙÙØ© بأÙÙØ§Ø¹ ÙØ¢ÙÙØ§Øª ع٠٠٠ختÙÙØ©. ÙØ¥Ø°Ø§ ٠ا Ø£Ø±Ø¯ÙØ§ Ø£Ù ÙØªØ¹Ø±Ù عÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙØ ÙØ§ Ø¨Ø¯Ù Ù Ù Ø§ÙØ¹Ùدة ÙÙ Ø§ÙØªØ§Ø±ÙØ® Ø¥Ù٠٠ا ÙØ¨Ù اÙÙØ±Ù Ø§ÙØ«Ø§Ù Ù Ø¹Ø´Ø±Ø ÙØ§ÙØ¨ØØ« Ù٠أÙÙØ§Ø¹ Ø§ÙØ¢Ùات اÙ٠ختÙÙØ© ÙØ§ÙØªØ·ÙØ±Ø§Øª Ø§ÙØªÙ طرأت عÙÙÙØ§Ø ØØªÙ ÙØµÙÙØ§ Ø¥ÙÙ ÙØ°Ù اÙÙØªÙجة Ø§ÙØ±ÙÙÙØ© Ø§ÙØ¹Ø°Ø¨Ø© اÙ٠س٠اة Ø¨ÙØ§ÙÙ [1].</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Ø§ÙØ¢Ùات اÙÙ ÙØ³ÙÙÙØ© Ø§ÙØªÙ Ø§ÙØØ¯Ø± Ù ÙÙØ§ Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ</h2>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">تصÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¢Ùات اÙÙ ÙØ³ÙÙÙØ© ÙÙ Ø«ÙØ§Ø« Ù Ø¬Ù ÙØ¹Ø§Øª ØØ³Ø¨ Ø¢ÙÙØ© Ø¥ØµØ¯Ø§Ø±ÙØ§ ÙÙØµÙت. ÙÙÙØ§Ù Ø§ÙØ¢Ùات اÙÙØªØ±ÙØ© (string instruments)Ø ÙØ§ÙØ¢ÙØ§Øª اÙÙÙØ§Ø¦ÙØ© أ٠اÙÙÙØ®ÙØ© (wind instrumetns)Ø ÙØ§ÙØ¢ÙØ§Øª Ø§ÙØ¥ÙÙØ§Ø¹ÙØ© (percussion instruments)Ø ÙØªÙجد Ø£ÙØ¶Ø§Ù Ø¢ÙØ§Øª اÙÙ ÙØ§ØªÙØ (keyboard instruments) [1].</p>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">ÙÙ ÙÙ ØªØ¹ÙØ¨ سÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙ٠إÙÙ Ø£ÙØ«Ø± Ù Ù Ø¢ÙØ© Ù ÙØ³ÙÙÙØ©Ø ٠ث٠اÙÙÙØ§ÙÙÙÙØ±Ø¯ (clavichord)Ø ÙØ§ÙÙØ§Ø±Ø¨Ø³ÙÙØ±Ø¯ ;أ٠;Ø§ÙØ¨Ùا٠اÙÙÙØ«Ø§Ø±Ù (harpsichord)Ø ÙØ§ÙدÙÙØ³Ù٠ر Ø£Ù Ø§ÙØ³Ø§ÙØªÙØ± (dulcimer) [1].</p>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">ÙØ¹Ùد Ø§ÙØ¹Ùدة Ø£ÙØ«Ø± ÙÙ Ø§ÙØªØ§Ø±ÙØ®Ø ÙÙ Ù٠اÙÙØµÙ٠إÙÙ Ø£Ù Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ Ø§ÙØØ¯Ø± Ù Ù Ø¢ÙØ© اÙÙ ÙÙÙÙÙØ±Ø¯ (monochord)Ø ØÙØ« ÙØµØ¯Ø± Ø§ÙØµÙت اÙÙ ÙØ³ÙÙÙ ÙØªÙجة Ø§ÙØªØ²Ø§Ø² Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار داخÙÙØ ÙÙÙØ°Ø§ ÙØ¹ØªØ¨Ø± Ø£ÙÙ Ø¢ÙØ© ÙØªØ±ÙØ© [1].</p>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">ÙÙÙ ÙÙØ¯Ø±Ø¬ Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ ÙØ°ÙÙ Ø¶Ù Ù Ù Ø¬Ù ÙØ¹Ø© Ø§ÙØ¢Ùات Ø§ÙØ¥ÙÙØ§Ø¹ÙØ©Ø ÙØ£Ù ØØ±ÙØ© Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار ÙØ§ÙØªØ²Ø§Ø²ÙØ§ ÙØ§ØªØ¬Ø© Ø¹Ù Ø¶Ø±Ø¨ÙØ§ ب٠طار٠داخÙÙØ©. ÙØ¨Ùذا تÙÙ٠آÙÙØ© ع٠Ù٠شبÙÙØ© Ø¨Ø§ÙØ¯ÙÙØ³ÙÙ Ø±Ø Ø§ÙØ°Ù ÙØ¹ØªÙ د ÙØ°Ù٠عÙÙ Ø·Ø±Ù Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار Ø¨Ù Ø·Ø±ÙØ© ØµØºÙØ±Ø©. ÙØ§ÙدÙÙØ³Ù٠ر ÙÙ Ø«Ù Ø£ØØ¯ Ø£Ø³ÙØ§Ù Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙ٠اÙ٠باشرÙÙ [1].</p>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">ÙÙØªØµÙÙÙ Ø¢Ø®Ø±Ø ÙÙØ¹ Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ ÙÙ Ø¹Ø§Ø¦ÙØ© Ø¢ÙØ§Øª اÙÙ ÙØ§ØªÙØØ ÙØªØ¹Ùد ÙØ°Ù Ø§ÙØ¹Ø§Ø¦ÙØ© Ø¥ÙÙ Ø¢ÙØ© Ø§ÙØ£ÙØ±ØºÙ Ø§ÙØªÙ تع٠٠ع٠طرÙÙ Ø¥Ø±Ø³Ø§Ù Ø¯ÙØ¹Ø§Øª ÙÙØ§Ø¦ÙØ© عبر Ø£ÙØ§Ø¨Ùب ÙØ¥ØµØ¯Ø§Ø± Ø§ÙØ£ØµÙات. ÙÙØ¯ Ø·ÙØ± Ø§ÙØØ±ÙÙÙ٠اÙ٠ختصÙÙ Ø¢ÙØ© Ø§ÙØ£ÙØ±ØºÙ ÙØ£Ø¶Ø§ÙÙØ§ ÙÙØ§ بعض Ø§ÙØªØØ³ÙÙØ§Øª ØØªÙ ÙØµÙÙØ§ Ø¥ÙÙ Ø¢ÙØ© اÙÙÙØ§ÙÙÙÙØ±Ø¯ Ù٠اÙÙØ±Ù Ø§ÙØ±Ø§Ø¨Ø¹ عشر. ÙÙØ§Ùت ÙØ°Ù Ø¥ØØ¯Ù Ø§ÙØ®Ø·Ùات ÙÙ Ø§ÙØ·Ø±Ù٠إÙÙ Ø¢ÙØ© Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ ÙØ§ØÙا٠[1].</p>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">Ù٠ع Ø§ÙØ²Ù ÙØ Ù٠اÙÙØ±Ù Ø§ÙØ³Ø§Ø¯Ø³ Ø¹Ø´Ø±Ø Ø§Ø®ØªÙØ±Ø¹Øª Ø¢ÙØ© اÙÙØ§Ø±Ø¨Ø³ÙÙØ±Ø¯ ÙÙ Ø¥ÙØ·Ø§ÙÙØ§Ø ÙØ§Ùتشرت ÙØ§ØÙا٠إÙÙ ÙØ±Ùسا ÙØ£Ù٠اÙÙØ§ ÙØ¨Ø±ÙطاÙÙØ§. ÙÙÙÙ٠٠بدأ ÙØ°Ù Ø§ÙØ¢ÙØ© عÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¶ØºØ· عÙÙ Ù ÙØ§ØªÙØ ÙÙØªØÙÙ Ø¨Ø£ÙØªØ§Ø¯ Ø®Ø´Ø¨ÙØ© تÙÙØ± عÙÙ Ø£ÙØªØ§Ø± Ù ØªØµÙØ© Ø¨ÙØ§. ÙØªØ´Ø¨Ù Ø¢ÙÙØ© Ø§ÙØ¹Ù ٠بÙÙ Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار ÙØ§ÙÙÙØØ© تÙ٠اÙÙ ÙØ¬Ùدة ÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ ÙØ§ÙØªÙ ØªØ·ÙØ±Øª عÙÙØ§ ÙØ§ØÙا٠[1].</p>



<figure class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex">
<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-id="51018" src="https://elakademiapost.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-51018" /><figcaption>Ø§ÙØ¯ÙÙØ³Ù٠ر</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-id="51019" src="https://elakademiapost.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/2-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-51019" /><figcaption>اÙÙØ§Ø±Ø¨Ø³ÙÙØ±Ø¯</figcaption></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-id="51020" src="https://elakademiapost.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/3-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-51020" /><figcaption>اÙÙÙØ§ÙÙÙÙØ±Ø¯</figcaption></figure>
<figcaption class="blocks-gallery-caption">Ø£Ø³ÙØ§Ù Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ</figcaption></figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Ø§ÙØµÙت Ø§ÙØ±ÙÙÙ</h2>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">Ø¥Ø°Ø§ÙØ ٠ر ØªØ·ÙØ± Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙ٠ب٠راØÙ Ø¹Ø¯ÙØ¯Ø© ØØªÙ ÙØµÙ Ø¥ÙÙ Ø´ÙÙÙ Ø§ÙØØ§ÙÙØ ÙØ°ÙÙ ÙØ§ ÙÙ Ù٠اÙÙÙÙ ØªÙ Ø§Ù Ø§Ù Ø£Ù Ø§ÙØ¥ÙطاÙ٠بارتÙÙÙÙ ÙÙ ÙØ±ÙستÙÙÙØ±Ù ÙÙ Ù Ù &#8220;اخترع&#8221; ÙØ°Ù Ø§ÙØ¢ÙØ©. ÙÙÙÙ٠ع٠٠عÙ٠تعدÙÙ Ø£Ø³ÙØ§ÙÙØ§Ø ÙØªØØ¯Ùدا٠اÙÙØ§Ø±Ø¨Ø³ÙÙØ±Ø¯. ÙÙØ¯ ÙØ§Ù ØºÙØ± Ø±Ø§Ø¶Ù Ø¹Ù Ø¹Ø¯Ù ÙØ¯Ø±Ø© Ø§ÙØ¹Ø§Ø²Ù عÙÙ Ø§ÙØªØÙ٠بÙÙØ© Ø§ÙØµÙت Ø§ÙØµØ§Ø¯Ø± ع٠اÙÙØ§Ø±Ø¨Ø³ÙÙØ±Ø¯Ø ÙÙÙØ³Ø¨ Ù٠تعدÙ٠آÙÙØ© Ø§ÙØ¹Ù Ù ÙØ§Ø³ØªØ®Ø¯Ø§Ù اÙ٠طار٠ÙÙ Ø¨Ø¯Ø§ÙØ© اÙÙØ±Ù Ø§ÙØ«Ø§Ù ٠عشر. ÙÙØ¯ Ø£ÙØ·Ù٠عÙÙ ÙØ°Ù Ø§ÙØ¢ÙØ© Ø§ÙØ¬Ø¯Ùدة Ø¨Ø¯Ø§ÙØ©Ù اس٠&#8220;اÙÙØ§Ø±Ø¨Ø³ÙÙØ±Ø¯ Ø§ÙØ°Ù ÙØ¹Ø²Ù Ø£ØµÙØ§ØªØ§Ù رÙÙÙØ© (piano) ÙÙÙÙØ© (forte)&#8221;Ø Ø£Ù Ø£Ù ÙÙÙ Ø© &#8220;Ø¨ÙØ§ÙÙ&#8221; تعÙÙ &#8220;Ø§ÙØ±ÙÙÙ&#8221; Ø¨Ø§ÙØ¥ÙطاÙÙØ©! [1].</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Ø¢ÙÙØ© Ø§ÙØ¹Ù Ù </h2>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">Ø¹ÙØ¯Ù ا ÙØ¶ØºØ· Ø§ÙØ¹Ø§Ø²Ù عÙ٠اÙÙ ÙØªØ§ØØ ØªØªØØ±Ù Ù Ø·Ø±ÙØ© داخÙÙØ© ÙØªØ¶Ø±Ø¨ عÙÙ Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار Ù Ù Ø§ÙØ£Ø³ÙÙ. ÙÙÙÙ Ø§ÙØµÙت Ø§ÙØµØ§Ø¯Ø± Ø¹Ù ÙØ°Ø§ ÙÙ ØµÙØª رÙÙÙ [2].</p>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">ØªØ¯Ø¹Ù Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار Ù Ù Ø¥ØØ¯Ù Ø§ÙØ¬Ùات Ø¬Ø³ÙØ± ØµØºÙØ±Ø© تÙÙ٠٠عÙÙØ© Ø¨Ø£Ø¬ÙØ²Ø© Ø§ÙØ£Ø¯Ø§Ø¡Ø ÙØªÙتÙÙ Ø§ÙØ§Ùتزازات Ù Ù Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار Ø¥ÙÙ Ø§ÙØ£Ø¬Ùزة عبر ÙØ°Ù Ø§ÙØ¬Ø³Ùر. ÙØ¨Ø§ÙÙØªÙجة ÙØ®Ø±Ø¬ ØµÙØª ÙÙÙ Ù Ù Ø§ÙØªØ²Ø§Ø² اÙÙÙØ§Ø¡ Ø¨ÙØ¹Ù Ø£Ø¬ÙØ²Ø© Ø§ÙØ£Ø¯Ø§Ø¡ [2].</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">تص٠ÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ</h2>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">ÙÙ ÙØªØºÙر Ø´ÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ ÙÙÙÙÙÙ ÙØ«Ùرا٠ع٠ا سبÙÙ Ù Ù Ø§ÙØ¢Ùات اÙÙ ÙØ³ÙÙÙØ© Ø§ÙØªÙ ØªØ·ÙØ± عÙÙØ§Ø ØÙØ« بÙÙØª ÙÙØØ© اÙÙ ÙØ§ØªÙØ ÙØ§ÙØµÙØ¯ÙÙ ÙØ§ÙÙ Ø·Ø§Ø±Ù ÙØ§ÙØ£ÙØªØ§Ø± ÙØ§ÙØ¯ÙØ§Ø³Ø§Øª Ù Ù Ø§ÙØ£Ø¬Ø²Ø§Ø¡ Ø§ÙØ±Ø¦ÙØ³ÙØ© [3].</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Ø§ÙØ£Ø¬Ø²Ø§Ø¡ Ø§ÙØ£Ø³Ø§Ø³ÙØ©</h3>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">Ø£ÙÙØ§Ù ÙÙØØ© اÙÙ ÙØ§ØªÙØ (keyboard)Ø ÙÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¬Ø²Ø¡ Ø§ÙØ¸Ø§Ùر ÙØ§Ùذ٠تت٠ÙÙ٠ع٠ÙÙØ© Ø§ÙØªÙاع٠بÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¢ÙØ© ÙØ§ÙعازÙ. تتأÙÙ ÙÙØØ© اÙÙ ÙØ§ØªÙØ Ø§ÙÙÙØ§Ø³ÙØ© Ù Ù 88 Ù ÙØªØ§ØØ§Ù باÙ٠ج٠Ù. Ù٠٠اÙÙØ§Ø¶Ø ÙÙÙØ§Ø¸Ø± Ø£Ù ÙØ°Ù اÙÙ ÙØ§ØªÙØ ØªÙÙØ³Ù Ø¥ÙÙ Ù Ø¬Ù ÙØ¹ØªÙÙ. اÙÙ Ø¬Ù ÙØ¹Ø© Ø§ÙØ£ÙÙÙ Ù٠اÙÙ ÙØ§ØªÙØ Ø§ÙØ¨Ùضاء Ø£Ù Ø§ÙØ·Ø¨ÙØ¹ÙØ©Ø ÙØ¹Ø¯Ø¯Ùا 52. Ø³Ù ÙØª Ø¨Ø§ÙØ·Ø¨ÙØ¹ÙØ© ÙØ£Ù Ø§ÙØ¹Ùا٠ات اÙÙ ÙØ³ÙÙÙØ© (notes) Ø§ÙØªÙ تعطÙÙØ§ تÙÙÙ Ø·Ø¨ÙØ¹ÙØ©Ø Ø£Ù ÙÙØ³Øª ØØ§Ø¯Ø© Ø£Ù Ù Ø³Ø·ØØ©. أ٠ا اÙÙ ÙØ§ØªÙØ Ø§ÙØ³ÙØ¯Ø§Ø¡Ø ÙÙÙ 36 Ù ÙØªØ§ØØ§ÙØ ÙØªÙÙÙ Ø£ÙØµØ± Ù Ù Ø£Ø®ÙØ§ØªÙا Ø§ÙØ¨ÙØ¶Ø§Ø¡Ø ÙØªØ¹Ø·Ù Ø¹ÙØ§Ù ات ØØ§Ø¯Ø© Ø£Ù Ù Ø³Ø·ØØ© [3].</p>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">اÙÙØ³Ù Ø§ÙØ«Ø§ÙÙ ÙÙ Ø§ÙØµÙدÙÙ ÙØ§Ùغطاء (case and lid). ÙÙÙ Ø§ÙØµÙدÙÙ Ø§ÙØ°Ù ÙØØªÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¢ÙØ© بأÙÙ ÙÙØ§. عÙÙ Ø§ÙØ±ØºÙ ٠٠سÙÙÙØ© ت٠ÙÙØ² Ø´ÙÙ٠عÙ٠اÙÙÙØ±Ø ÙØ¯ ÙØ®ØªÙÙ Ø§ÙØµÙدÙ٠بعض Ø§ÙØ´ÙØ¡ بÙÙ ÙÙØ¹ ÙØ¢Ø®Ø±. Ù٠ا ÙÙ ÙÙ Ø£Ù ÙØ®ØªÙÙ ØØ¬Ù Ù ÙØªØ£Ø«Ùر Ø±ÙØ¹ Ø§ÙØºØ·Ø§Ø¡ عÙÙ Ø§ÙØµÙت اÙÙ ÙØ³ÙÙÙ [3].</p>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">Ø«Ø§ÙØ«Ø§ÙØ ØªØ£ØªÙ Ø§ÙÙ Ø·Ø§Ø±Ù ÙØ§ÙØ£ÙØªØ§Ø± (hammers and strings) ÙÙÙ Ø§ÙØ£Ø¬Ø²Ø§Ø¡ Ø§ÙØ¬ÙÙØ±ÙØ© Ø§ÙØªÙ تÙÙÙ Ø¨Ø§ÙØ¹Ù Ù. ØªÙØ¹ اÙÙ Ø·Ø§Ø±Ù ÙØ§ÙØ£ÙØªØ§Ø± Ø¯Ø§Ø®Ù Ø§ÙØµÙدÙÙ ÙØªØØª Ø§ÙØºØ·Ø§Ø¡Ø ÙØªÙÙÙ Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار Ù ØªØµÙØ© باÙ٠طارÙ. Ø¹ÙØ¯ اÙÙÙØ± عÙ٠اÙÙ ÙØ§ØªÙØØ ÙØµØ¨Ø اÙÙ ÙØªØ§Ø اÙÙÙØ·Ø© Ø§ÙØ£Ø³Ø§Ø³ÙØ© Ø§ÙØªÙ ØªØØ±Ù اÙÙ Ø·Ø§Ø±Ù ÙØªØ¤Ø«Ø± عÙÙ Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار. أ٠ا Ø§ÙØ£ÙØªØ§Ø±Ø ÙÙÙ Ù Ø±Ø¨ÙØ·Ø© ÙÙ Ø¶Ø¨ÙØ·Ø© ÙØªØ¹Ø·Ù ØµÙØªØ§Ù Ø£Ù Ø¹ÙØ§Ù Ø© Ù ÙØ³ÙÙÙØ© Ù ØØ¯Ø¯Ø© [3].</p>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">اÙ٠ثبط (damper) Ù٠اÙÙ ÙÙÙ Ø§ÙØ±Ø§Ø¨Ø¹ ÙÙ ÙØ°Ù Ø§ÙØ¢ÙØ© اÙÙ ÙØ³Ø¬Ù Ø©Ø ÙÙÙØ¯Ù Ø¥ÙÙ Ø§ÙØÙØ§Ø¸ عÙÙ Ø§ÙØªÙاغ٠ÙÙ Ø§ÙØµÙت ÙÙ ÙØ¹ Ø§Ø®ØªÙØ§Ø· Ø§ÙØ£ØµÙات Ø§ÙØµØ§Ø¯Ø±Ø© ع٠٠ختÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¹Ùا٠ات اÙÙ ÙØ³ÙÙÙØ©. ØÙØ« ØªØªÙ Ø«Ù ÙØ¸ÙÙØªÙ Ø¨Ø§ÙØªÙاط اÙÙØªØ± ÙØ¥ÙÙØ§ÙÙ Ø¹Ù Ø§ÙØ§Ùتزاز بعد أداء ÙØ¸ÙÙØªÙØ ÙØ¨Ùذا ÙØ¨ÙÙ ÙÙ ØµÙØª Ù ØØ§Ùظا٠عÙ٠استÙÙØ§Ù٠ع٠بÙÙØ© Ø§ÙØ£ØµÙات. ÙØªÙ ÙØ¶Ø¹ اÙ٠ثبط ÙÙÙ Ø§ÙØ£ÙØªØ§Ø±Ø ÙÙÙÙ٠ب٠Ù٠ت٠بعد Ø£Ù ÙØ±Ùع Ø§ÙØ¹Ø§Ø²Ù إصبع٠ع٠اÙÙ ÙØªØ§ØØ Ø¥ÙØ§ إذا ÙØ§Ù Ø§ÙØ¹Ø§Ø²Ù ÙØ³ØªØ®Ø¯Ù Ø§ÙØ¯Ùاسات اÙÙ ÙØ¬Ùدة ÙÙ ÙØ§Ø¹Ø¯Ø© Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ [3].</p>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">Ø¥Ø°Ø§Ù ÙØµÙÙØ§ Ø¥ÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¯Ùاسات (pedals)Ø ÙÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¬Ø²Ø¡ Ø§ÙØ®Ø§Ù س. عادة ٠ا ÙÙÙÙ ÙÙØ§ÙÙ Ø¯ÙØ§Ø³ØªØ§Ù Ø£Ù Ø«ÙØ§Ø« ØØ³Ø¨ اÙÙÙØ¹Ø ÙÙ٠٠ثبتة Ù٠اÙÙØ§Ø¹Ø¯Ø© خارج Ø§ÙØµÙدÙÙØ Ù٠اÙÙ ÙØ§Ù أسÙÙ ÙØ¯Ù Ø§ÙØ¹Ø§Ø²Ù. ÙÙÙØ·ÙÙ Ø¯ÙØ±Ùا عÙÙ Ø¥ÙØ´Ø§Ø¡ Ø¹ÙØ§Ù Ø© Ù ÙØ³ÙÙÙØ© ٠عÙÙØ©Ø Ø£Ù Ø§ÙØÙØ§Ø¸ عÙÙ Ø¹ÙØ§Ù Ø© Ù ÙØ¬Ùدة Ù٠اÙÙØÙØ أ٠إÙÙØ§Ù Ø§ÙØ§Ùتزاز ÙØ¥ÙÙØ§Ø¡ Ø¹ÙØ§Ù Ø© صادرة Ø¹Ù Ø£ØØ¯ اÙÙ ÙØ§ØªÙØ [3].</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Ø£ÙÙØ§Ø¹ Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ </h2>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">ØªÙØ³Ù Ø¢ÙØ§Øª Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙ٠إÙÙ Ø«ÙØ§Ø« Ù Ø¬Ù ÙØ¹Ø§Øª Ø±Ø¦ÙØ³ÙØ©Ø ØªØªÙØ±Ø¹ Ø¨Ø¯ÙØ±Ùا Ø¥ÙÙ Ù Ø¬Ù ÙØ¹Ø§Øª أصغر. ÙÙØ°Ù اÙÙ Ø¬Ù ÙØ¹Ø§Øª Ø§ÙØ±Ø¦ÙØ³ÙØ© Ù٠اÙÙØ§Ø¦Ù Ø£Ù Ø§ÙØ¹Ù ÙØ¯Ù (upright piano)Ø ÙØ§ÙÙØ¨Ùر (grand piano)Ø ÙØ§ÙرÙÙ Ù (digital piano) [4].</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙ٠اÙÙØ§Ø¦Ù </h3>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">Ø³Ù Ù Ø¨ÙØ°Ø§ Ø§ÙØ§Ø³Ù ÙØ£Ù Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار تÙÙÙ Ù ØªÙØ¶Ø¹Ø© بشÙÙ Ø¹Ù ÙØ¯Ù ٠ع Ø§ÙØ£Ø±Ø¶. ÙØ¨Ùاء عÙÙ ÙØ°Ø§Ø ÙØ¬Ø¨ أ٠تضرب اÙ٠طار٠بشÙ٠أÙÙÙ ØØªÙ ØªØµÙØ¨ Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار Ø§ÙØ¹Ù ÙØ¯ÙØ© [4].</p>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">تختÙ٠آÙÙØ© Ø§ÙØ¹Ù Ù Ù٠اÙ٠رØÙØ© بÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¶ØºØ· عÙÙ Ø§ÙØ£Ø²Ø±Ø§Ø± ÙØ¶Ø±Ø¨ اÙ٠طار٠ÙÙØ£Ùتار ع٠تÙ٠اÙÙ ÙØ¬Ùدة ÙÙ Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙ٠اÙÙØ¨ÙØ±Ø ÙØ°Ø§ ÙØ¯ ÙØ¨Ø¯Ù Ø§ÙØ¹Ø²Ù ٠ختÙÙØ§Ù بعض Ø§ÙØ´ÙØ¡. Ù٠ا Ø£Ù Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار Ø£ÙØµØ± ÙØ£Ø¬Ùزة Ø§ÙØ£Ø¯Ø§Ø¡ أصغر [4].</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img src="https://elakademiapost.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Upright-Piano.jpg" alt="Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙ٠اÙÙØ§Ø¦Ù " class="wp-image-51021" /><figcaption>Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙ٠اÙÙØ§Ø¦Ù </figcaption></figure>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙ٠اÙÙØ¨Ùر</h3>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">ÙØ¹Ø¯ ÙØ°Ø§ اÙÙÙØ¹ Ø£ÙØ¨Ø± Ø§ÙØ£ÙÙØ§Ø¹ ÙØ£ØºÙØ§ÙØ§. ÙØªÙÙÙ Ø£Ø¬ÙØ²Ø© Ø§ÙØ£Ø¯Ø§Ø¡ ÙÙ٠أÙÙÙØ© ٠٠ا ÙÙØªØ Ù Ø¬Ø§ÙØ§Ù ÙØ§Ø³ØªØ®Ø¯Ø§Ù Ø£ÙØªØ§Ø± أطÙÙ. ÙØ¨Ù ا Ø£Ù ØªÙØ¶Ø¹ Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار Ø£ÙÙÙØ ÙØ®ØªÙ٠ع٠Ù٠ع٠اÙÙÙØ¹ اÙÙØ§Ø¦Ù Ø°Ù Ø§ÙØ£Ùتار Ø§ÙØ¹Ù ÙØ¯ÙØ© [4].</p>



<p>ÙÙ ÙÙ ÙÙØ°Ø§ اÙÙÙØ¹ Ø£Ù ÙØ¹Ø²Ù بشÙ٠أسرع ÙÙÙÙØ± ÙØ¯Ø±Ø© Ø£ÙØ¨Ø± عÙÙ Ø§ÙØªØÙÙ ÙØ£Ù اÙÙ Ø·Ø§Ø±Ù ØªÙØ¯ Ø¥ÙÙ ÙØ¶Ø¹Ùا Ø¨ÙØ¹Ù Ø§ÙØ¬Ø§Ø°Ø¨ÙØ© [4].</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img src="https://elakademiapost.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Grand-Piano.jpg" alt="Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙ٠اÙÙØ¨Ùر" class="wp-image-51022" /><figcaption>Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙ٠اÙÙØ¨Ùر</figcaption></figure>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ Ø§ÙØ±ÙÙ Ù</h3>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">تختÙ٠آÙÙØ© Ø¹Ù Ù Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ Ø§ÙØ±Ù٠٠ع٠تÙ٠اÙÙ ÙØ¬Ùدة Ù٠اÙÙØ§Ø¦Ù أ٠اÙÙØ¨Ùر ٠ع Ø£Ù Ø§ÙØµÙت Ø§ÙØµØ§Ø¯Ø± عÙÙ ÙØ¨Ø¯Ù Ù Ø´Ø§Ø¨ÙØ§Ù. ÙØ¨Ø¯Ùا٠٠٠تÙÙ٠اÙÙ Ø·Ø§Ø±Ù Ø¨Ø§ÙØ¶Ø±Ø¨ عÙÙ Ø§ÙØ£ÙØªØ§Ø±Ø ÙØ¤Ø¯Ù ضغط اÙÙ ÙØ§ØªÙØ Ø¥Ù٠تشغÙÙ ØØ³Ø§Ø³Ø ÙÙØ°Ø§ ٠ا ÙÙØªØ¬ عÙÙ Ø¥Ø·ÙØ§Ù ØµÙØª Ø¨ÙØ§ÙÙ Ù Ø³Ø¬Ù Ù Ù Ù Ø¬Ù ÙØ¹Ø© Ù ÙØ¨Ø±Ø§Øª ØµÙØª [4].</p>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">ÙÙØ¶Ù ÙØ°Ø§ اÙÙÙØ¹ Ù Ø¬Ù ÙØ¹Ø§Øª ٠تعددة Ù Ù Ø§ÙØªØ³Ø¬ÙÙØ§Øª أ٠اÙÙ٠اذج ÙÙÙ Ø¹ÙØ§Ù Ø© Ù ÙØ³ÙÙÙØ©Ø Ù٠ا ÙÙ ÙÙ Ø£Ù ÙØªØºÙر ٠ستÙÙ Ø§ÙØµÙت ØØ³Ø¨ ÙÙØ© Ø§ÙØ¶ØºØ· Ø§ÙØªÙ ÙØ·Ø¨ÙÙØ§ Ø§ÙØ¹Ø§Ø²Ù [4].</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img src="https://elakademiapost.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Digital-Piano.jpg" alt="Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ Ø§ÙØ±ÙÙ Ù" class="wp-image-51023" /><figcaption>Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙ Ø§ÙØ±ÙÙ Ù</figcaption></figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Ø£Ø´ÙØ± Ø§ÙØ¹Ø§Ø²ÙÙÙ</h2>



<p class="has-text-align-justify">Ø¹ÙØ¯ Ø°ÙØ± Ø¢ÙØ© Ø§ÙØ¨ÙاÙÙØ سرعا٠٠ا ÙØªØ¨Ø§Ø¯Ø± Ø¥ÙÙ Ø§ÙØ°Ù٠أس٠اء ÙØ§Ù عة ÙØ§ÙØ£Ù٠اÙÙ Ø¨ÙØªÙÙÙÙ ÙØ§ÙÙ٠ساÙÙ Ù ÙØ²Ø§Ø±Øª ٠٠اÙÙØ±Ù Ø§ÙØ«Ø§Ù Ù Ø¹Ø´Ø±Ø ÙØ§ÙبÙÙÙØ¯Ù Ø´ÙØ¨Ø§Ù ٠٠اÙÙØ±Ù Ø§ÙØªØ§Ø³Ø¹ Ø¹Ø´Ø±Ø ÙØºÙرÙÙ Ù Ù Ø§ÙØ£Ø³Ù اء اÙÙØ«Ùرة Ø§ÙØªÙ ÙØµØ¹Ø¨ ØØµØ±Ùا. ÙÙØ³ØªÙ ع Ø¥ÙÙ ÙØ°Ù اÙÙ ÙØ·Ùعة Ø§ÙØªÙ تصÙÙ Ù Ù Ø£Ø´ÙØ± ٠ا Ø£Ø¨Ø¯Ø¹Ù Ø¨ÙØªÙÙÙÙ &#8220;٠٠أج٠إÙÙØ²Ø§&#8221; (Für Elise).</p>



<figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper">
<amp-youtube data-videoid="wfF0zHeU3Zs" layout="responsive" width="1000" height="563" autoplay="1" data-block-on-consent></amp-youtube>
</div></figure>



<p>Ø§ÙØ±Ø£ Ø£ÙØ¶Ø§Ù: <a href="https://elakademiapost.com/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%89/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ØªØ§Ø±ÙØ® اÙÙ ÙØ³ÙÙÙ</a></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">اÙ٠صادر</h2>



<ol class="wp-block-list"><li>Yamaha – <a href="https://www.yamaha.com/en/musical_instrument_guide/piano/structure/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Origins of the Piano</a></li><li>Yamaha &#8211; <a href="https://www.yamaha.com/en/musical_instrument_guide/piano/mechanism/mechanism002.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Sound-Producing Mechanism</a></li><li><a href="https://www.turnerskeyboards.com/anatomy-of-a-piano/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Anatomy of a Piano</a></li><li><a href="https://www.merriammusic.com/pianos/types-of-pianos/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Merriam Music</a></li></ol>
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					<p>٠ترج٠ة Ù Ù Ø³ÙØ±Ùا. Ø£ØØ¨ اÙÙØ±Ø§Ø¡Ø© ÙØ§ÙÙØªØ§Ø¨Ø©.</p>
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